Captain Archibald, originally a pathologist under Doctor (later Sir) Andrew Balfour, the 1st Director of the Tropical Research laboratories. Archibald later followed Balfour as Director c. 1920 - 1935. The Wellcome Tropical Research laboratories were founded by Sir Henry Wellcome at the Gordon Memorial College, Khartoum in 1903. From 1913 until their closure in 1935, the laboratories were under the control of the government of Sudan.